| James Drummond Dole |
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| ::darkshadows:: (bat@cave.org) |
2009/05/02 23:18 |
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Subject: James Drummond Dole
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Date: Sun, 03 May 2009 00:18:59 -0500
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James Drummond Dole
A New Englander named James Drummond Dole graduated from Harvard in
1899 with degrees in agriculture and business and decided to seek his
fortune in Hawaii, where his cousin Sanford was governor. His unlikely
scheme was to harvest pineapples.
Pineapples are not native to Hawaii. They were imported from South
America in 1813 and they thrived. In the days before commercial
aviation and refrigeration, however, perishable pineapples would,
well, perish, before they reached the contiguous United States. Dole's
plan was to can the fruit in Hawaii and ship it back home.
In 1900, he bought 61 acres of farmland at auction for $4,000. A year
later he incorporated the Hawaiian Pineapple Company, built a cannery
in 1903, and produced 1,893 cases of canned pineapple in the first
year.
In 1907, he built a larger cannery in Honolulu, which was closer to
the port and the can factory. Unfortunately, economic hard times in
the states reduced the demand for what was then considered a luxury
food. So Dole and eight other pineapple packers pooled their pennies.
As the Hawaiian Pineapple Growers Association, they launched a $50,000
campaign advertising not one brand but Hawaiian pineapples in general,
something that was not common practice at the time. Pineapple demand
skyrocketed.
A major breakthrough occurred in 1913 when Dole engineer Henry Ginaca
invented a machine that could peel and core 35 pineapples per minute.
Until then, each pineapple had to be cored by hand. Dole developed the
pineapple business into Hawaii's second largest industry.
The first product to bear the Dole trademark was not the canned
pineapple but canned pineapple juice, which was sold during the Great
Depression. Dole retired in 1948 and died in 1958, the year that
Hawaii became the 50th state.
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